The latest NAP – Science Literacy assessment found more than 80% of Year 6 and 10 students acknowledged that science is important for many jobs and for helping people to make informed decisions.
However, less students are taking up science as a career after school, and media stereotypes may be to blame.
A study by the University of South Australia and the Australian Catholic University found that stereotypes of science and scientists can influence children’s career aspirations – even at the primary school level.
UniSA researcher, Dr Garth Stahl and ACU researcher Dr Laura Scholes say understanding how these stereotypes influence students is important if Australia is to tackle the skills shortage in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM).
“Primary school is a time when kids are influenced by all sorts of stereotypes – through books, TV and movies. In the case of science, media often shows scientists to be eccentric men in white coats,” Dr Stahl said.
“The problem with stereotypes is that they tend to stick, so what we’re seeing with primary school students is that their perceptions of science and scientists are influencing their ideas of future careers.”
In this study, researchers interviewed 45 (29 male and 16 female) Year four (9-10-year-olds) primary school students, across six economically and geographically diverse schools.
The participating children were asked about the job they’d like when they grew up; whether they’d like to be a scientist; what kind of work a scientist did; and what a scientist might look like.
The majority of students (55 per cent) both Scholes and Stahl spoke with had no aspirations to be a scientist; six were ambivalent; and 13 said they would strongly consider a job as a scientist. Nearly 40 per cent of students said they ‘did not like’ science, and that it was ‘boring’ or ‘weird’.
A heartening finding was that most students did not see gender as a defining factor for a scientist, with only two students saying a scientist was ‘usually a man’.
“The fact that most kids said science could be a career for a woman or a man, shows just how far we’ve come in terms of gender, and the waning of gender stereotypes may reflect the impact of a range of initiatives across Australia to normalise women in STEM,” Dr Stahl said.
“But there’s still room to do more, especially as students talked about stereotypical images of scientists wearing white coats and protective goggles and doing lab-based experiments”.
Dr Stahl said the notion of science being ‘weird’, ‘unusual’, ‘dangerous’ and ‘challenging’, is a barrier that must still need to tackled, with many kids feeling that a career in science could be too difficult or high-pressure for them to achieve.
“It’s two steps forward, one step back – gender stereotypes may be in decline, but we still have a long way to go if we are to get children to understand the role of a modern scientist”.